Research

Research Studies || Policy Statements
Parent Resources || Research & Statistics

• Joint Statement issued by Six Public Health Groups
  American Medical Association
  American Academy of Pediatrics
  American Psychological Association
  American Psychiatric Association
  American Academy of Family Physicians
  American Academy of Child &Adolescent Psychiatry
• American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
  - AAP Policy Statement
• American Psychological Association (APA)
  - Television Violence and Children
  - Violence in Mass Media
• American Medical Association (AMA)
  - Media Violence
• American Psychiatric Association (APA)
  - Psychiatric Effects of Media Violence
• National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC)
  - NAEYC Policy Statement
• The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP)
  - Children and TV Violence
  - AACAP News Release on the pathological effects of entertainment
  violence on children
• The National Association of School Psychologists (NASP)
  - Resolution on Children and Violence in the Media and Toys

  Research Studies

• The Influence of Media Violence on Youth by Craig Anderson, Leonard Berkowitz, Edward Donnerstein, L. Rowell Huessman, James D. Johnson, Daniel Linz, Neil Malamuth and Ellen Wartella in  Psychological Science in the Public Interest, December 2003.
  (This paper was written by an eight-member expert panel put together by the National Institute of Mental Health, and should have been included in the 2000 Surgeon General's report on youth violence.  Since the Surgeon General decided not to include this paper as a chapter in his report, the authors have now updated their findings and published them independently in a peer-reviewd journal.)

• Content and Ratings of Teen-Rated Video Games by Kevin Haninger; Kimberly M. Thompson in JAMA, February 2004 (abstract).

• The effects of violent video game habits on adolescent hostility, aggressive behaviors, and school performance by Douglas A. Gentile, Paul J. Lynch, Jennifer Ruh Linder and David A. Walsh in the Journal of Adolescence, Vol. 27, Issue 1, 2004.

• Violence exposure in real-life, video games, television, movies, and the internet: is there desensitization? by Jeanne B. Funk, Heidi Bechtoldt Baldacci, Tracie Pasold and Jennifer Baumgardner in the Journal of Adolescence, Vol. 27, Issue 1, 2004.

• Exposure to violent video games increases automatic aggressiveness by Eric Uhlmann and Jane Swanson in the Journal of Adolescence, Vol. 27, Issue 1, 2004.

• Playing violent electronic games, hostile attributional style, and aggression-related norms in German adolescents by Barbara Krahé and Ingrid Möller in the Journal of Adolescence, Vol. 27, Issue 1, 2004.

• Benchmarking the cultivation approach to video game effects: a comparison of the correlates of TV viewing and game play by Jan Van Mierlo and Jan Van den Bulck in the Journal of Adolescence, Vol. 27, Issue 1, 2004.

• Online computer gaming: a comparison of adolescent and adult gamers by M. D. Griffiths, Mark N. O. Davies and Darren Chappell in the Journal of Adolescence, Vol. 27, Issue 1, 2004.

• Longitudinal Relations Between Children’s Exposure to TV Violence and Their Aggressive and Violent Behavior in Young Adulthood: 1977–1992 by Rowell Huesmann, Jessica Moise-Titus, Cheryl-Lyn Podolski and Leonard D. Eron in Developmental Psychology, Vol. 39, 2003. A press release about the study is also available.

• Aggressive Youths, Violent Video Games Trigger Unusual Brain Acticity  by the Indiana University School of Medicine, December 2, 2002. The study discusses how exposure to violent media may affect the brains of youths with aggressive tendencies differently than the brains of non-aggressive youths.

• Exposure to Violent Media: The Effects of Songs With Violent Lyrics on Aggressive Thoughts and Feelings by Craig Anderson, Nicholas Carnagey and Janie Eubanks in The Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol 84, 2003.

• What Goes In Must Come Out: Children's Media Violence Consumption at Home and Aggressive Behaviors at School by Audrey M. Buchanan, Douglas A. Gentile, Ph.D., David A. Nelson, Ph.D., David A. Walsh, Ph.D., and Julia Hensel in Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, Vol. 23. Copyright 2002 Elsevier Science Inc.
  For a quick summary, you can read the press release about the study.

• Television Viewing and Aggressive Behavior During Adolescence and Adulthood by Jeffrey G. Johnson, et al. in Science Magazine, Vol. 295, 29 March 2002. (You will need Adobe Acrobat Reader, which can be downloaded for free, to view this article.)

• The Effects of Media Violence on Society by Craig A. Anderson and Brad J. Bushman in Science Magazine, Vol. 295, 29 March 2002. (You will need Adobe Acrobat Reader, which can be downloaded for free, to view this article.)

• Longitudinal Relations between Children's Exposure to Television Violence and their Aggressive and Violent Behavior in Young Adulthood: 1977-1992 by L. Rowell Huesmann, et al., December 18, 2001. Copyright APA and in press at Developmental Psychology.  (You will need Adobe Acrobat Reader, which can be downloaded for free, to view this article.)

• TV Violence and Brainmapping in Children by John P. Murray, Ph.D in Psychiatric Times, Vol. XVIII, October, 2001.

• Children and Violent Video Games: Are There "High Risk" Players? by Jeanne B. Funk, a paper presented at Playing by the Rules, the Cultural Policy Challenges of Video Games Conference organized by the University of Chicago Cultural Policy Center, October 26-27, 2001.

• Effects of Violent Video Games on Aggressive Behavior by Craig A. Anderson and Brad J. Bushman in Psychological Science, Vol. 12, No. 5, September 2001.

• Study Finds Significant Amounts of Violence in Video Games Rated as Suitable for All Ages, press release from the Harvard School of Public Health, July 31, 2001. You can read a summary of the study, Violence in E-Rated Games, in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA).

• Media Violence and the American Public: Scientific Fact Versus Media Misinformation by Brad J. Bushman and Craig A. Anderson in American Psychologist, Vol. 56, No. 6/7, June/July 2001. (You will need Adobe Acrobat Reader, which can be downloaded for free, to view this article.)

• A Validity Test of Movie, Television and Video-Game Ratings by David Walsh, Ph.D. and Douglas Gentile, Ph.D. in Pediatrics, Vol. 107, No. 6, June 2001. (You will need Adobe Acrobat Reader, which can be downloaded for free, to view this article.)

• Impact of Media on Children and Adolescents: A 10-Year Review of the Research, by Susan Villani, MD in the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, April 2001. (You will need Adobe Acrobat Reader, which can be downloaded for free, to view this article.)

• Effects of Reducing Children's Television  and Video Game Use on Aggressive Behavior -- Stanford University Study  by Dr. Thomas Robinson in Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, January 2001.
  You can also read an AP news story on the Stanford study.

• Popular Video Games: Quantifying the Presentation of Violence and its Context by Smith, S.L., Lachlan, K.A., & Tamborini, R. (2003). Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 47 (1). Adobe Acrobat Reader, which can be downloaded for free, to view this article.)

• Media Violence and Children's Emotions: Beyond the "Smoking Gun" by Joanne Cantor, Ph.D., a paper presented at the Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association, August 5, 2000.

• Video Games and Aggressive Thoughts, Feelings, and Behavior in the Laboratory and in Life by Craig A. Anderson in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 78, No. 4, April 2000.
  You can also read an APA Press Release about the study.

• Catharsis, Aggression, and Persuasive Influence: Self-Fulfilling or Self-Defeating Prophecies? by Brad J. Bushman, Roy F. Baumeister, and Angela D. Stack in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 76, No. 3, January 1999.

• Children, Adolescents and the Media: Issues and Solutions by Victor C. Strasburger, MD and  Edward Donnerstein, Ph.D in Pediatrics, Vol. 103 No. 1, January 1999. (You will need Adobe Acrobat Reader, which can be downloaded for free, to view this article.)

• Parents Rate the TV Ratings, by Douglas Gentile Ph.D., National Institute on Media and the Family, May 1, 1998.

• Aggressors or Victims: Gender and Race in Music Video Violence by Michael Rich, MD, MPH, et al. in  Pediatrics, Vol. 101, No. 4, April 1998. (You will need Adobe Acrobat Reader, which can be downloaded for free, to view this article.)

• Effects of Television Violence on Memory for Commercial Messages by Brad J. Bushman in Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, December 1998 Vol. 4, No. 4, 291-307.

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